If you have diabetes like the 19 million Americans that suffer from this disease, you have to be aware of the dangers of hypoglycemia.  I’ve been diabetic since the age of 26 and having low blood sugar has never really been a problem for me until recently.  The first time I went hypoglycemic, I wasn’t sure what was going on.  However, it is a dangerous situation and you should know what to do if you find yourself or a loved one in this position.

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What is hypoglycemia?
Hypoglycemia is the medical term for low blood sugar.  While people not suffering from diabetes can experience the effects of low blood sugar, true hypoglycemia occurs in type one and two diabetics.  It can occur as the result of fasting or by high levels of insulin.  The brain needs the body’s store of sugar (known as glucose).  When the glucose levels are depleted, there can be effects on the way the brain functions. Hormones in the body increase and the nervous system is affected.  This typically occurs when the blood sugar levels fall below 70.

 

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?
While symptoms may vary, I know how this condition affects me.  At first, I start feeling very warm and a sweat breaks out, no matter what my activity level.  Next my hands start getting shaky and then I’m unsteady on my feet.  As the sugar continues to drop, a feeling of being high occurs – thing become funny, there is lightheadedness and my perception starts to swim.  I am easy to anger and finally, I pass out.  Other people claim intense hunger, nervousness, and palpitations.  Symptoms can progress to confusion, drowsiness, coma and possible seizures.

 

How to combat hypoglycemia.
If you or a loved one are going hypoglycemic, the first step is to raise the blood sugar.  Typically, this is done by introducing a rapid dose of sugar into the system.  Orange juice, candy, table sugar, and regular soda pop are all good options to use.  After 10 minutes, check the blood glucose levels again to see if the sugar levels are rising.  If this doesn’t raise the sugar levels sufficiently, repeat the process and test again.  After three times, if there is no success or the sugar levels haven’t risen above 70, consider that the treatment isn’t working and call an ambulance immediately.  A serving size of sugar to be given should be about a half a can of soda pop, 4 lifesavers, or 4 teaspoons of sugar which equals out to about 15 grams of glucose. Do not use cake, cookies, or other complex carbohydrates as this does not enter the system fast enough. 

 

What to do next.
After you have addressed the immediate problem, follow up the sugar with a longer acting carbohydrate, such as half a sandwich or a piece of fruit.  If you have been sweating profusely, plan on freezing for a few minutes.  You will also end up with a severe headache.  Afterwards, you need to figure out why you went hypoglycemic.  This could be because of the amount insulin that you have taken or by fasting.  You should make every effort to eat on a schedule, avoid long bouts of exercise, and avoid alcohol consumption.

 

What Else Can You Do
Wear some sort of identification stating that you are diabetic and that you are prone to recurrent hypoglycemia.  You should also be wary of driving a vehicle or operating heavy machinery if your low-sugar isn’t in control.   Keep a source of fast acting glucose wherever you are: in the car, in your office, at home, or by your bedside.  If you are going to exercise for long periods of time, make sure you have a good source of glucose before you begin and carry more with you.  Efforts can be made to protect yourself from these low-sugar episodes.  Keep track of your levels and you will be safe.

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